「ブレーキをかけるって英語でなんと言うの？」
先に日本語「かける」が浮かんじゃうと、すんなり出てこないワードです。
＜車＞
I stepped on the brakes, but the car didn't stop.
「ブレーキをかけた（踏んだ）が、車が止まらなかった」
＜バイク＞
I pull the lever but the motorcycle didn't stop.
「ブレーキをかけた（握った）のに、自転車が止まらなかった」
The brakes didn't work.
「ブレーキが効かなかった」
ブレーキについての仕組み、英語で学んじゃおう
ブレーキの仕組みってあまり知らない方も多いのではないでしょうか。仕組みがよくわかる動画をご覧ください。
Today's motorcycles and cars are equipped with a very efficient braking system.
現在のバイクと自動車には高効率のブレーキシステムが搭載されています。
ブーレーキの仕組みがよくわかる動画
単語・用語集
| 日本語 | 単語・語句 | |
|---|---|---|
| １） | 備ついている | be equiped with |
| ２） | ブレーキシステム | braking system |
| ３） | 安全に | safely |
| ４） | ほんのわずかな時間で | a fraction of a second |
| ５） | ブレーキレバーを引く | pull the brake lever |
| ６） | 圧縮される | get pressurized |
| ７） | ホイールについたブレーキパッド | brake pad at the wheel |
| ８） | 作動される | be activiated |
| ９） | 実経験 | practical experience |
| １０） | エンジニア | engineer |
| １１） | 物理学 | physics |
| １２） | デスクブレーキ | diskbrake |
| １３） | 小さいちから | small force |
| １４） | パスカルの法則 | Pascal's law |
| １５） | 大きいピストンに接続された | be connected to a big piston |
| １６） | レバーにかけた力 | the force you applied to the lever |
| １７） | 何倍にも倍増される | be multiplied many times |
| １８） | 配置 | arrangement |
| １９） | フローティングキャリパーメカニズム | Floating Caliper Mechanism. |
| ２０） | 固定されていない | is not fixed |
| ２１） | 直線的に自由に動く | is free to move linearly |
| ２３） | ブレーキシュー | brake shoe |
| ２４） | 同時に | simultaneously. |
| ２５） | 大きな熱が生み出される | a huge amount of heat is generated, |
| ２７） | 空気循環 | air circulation |
| ２８） | 静脈（管） | veins |
| ３０） | 摩擦力 | frictional force |
| ３１） | 過熱 | overheat |
| ３２） | 最適な | optimum |
| ３３） | 温度 | temperature |
| ３４） | 擦り切れ | wear and tear |
| ３５） | 車軸 | on the axle. |
| ３６） | 正味トルク | net torque |
| ３７） | 熱浸漬 | heat soak |
| ３８） | 摩擦係数 | friction coefficient |
ブレーキに関する説明・デスクブレーキ・ドラムブレーキ
上記動画の英語引用
Today's motorcycles and cars are equipped with a very efficient braking system.
They are so efficient that your vehicle stops safely, within a fraction of a second, in the case of an emergency.When you pull the brake lever, the brake fluid near the lever gets pressurized.Via a brake line, this pressurized fluid connects to the brake pad at the wheel, and the brake pads are activated.This braking system that you just saw was developed over the last five decades of research and practical experiences.
Let's learn how engineers developed such an efficient braking system.Or more specifically,
let's learn the interesting physics behind disc brakes. You might be wondering how
the small force produced by your hand on the brake lever is sufficient enough to stop a motorcycle wheel. Engineers achieved it by clever use of Pascal's law. When you move the lever,
a small piston also moves. The piston is oil filled, so the soil is pressurized.
If you check carefully, you can see that this piston is connected to a big piston via a cable.
In short, the big piston sits near to the brake pad, and the small piston sits
near to the brake lever. According to Pascal's law, the pressure at both of the
pistons should be equal. This means that the force you applied to the lever end will be multiplied many
times at the brake pad end, due to the difference in
the area of the pistons. This force will move the brake pad and press it against the brake disc,
thus bringing the wheel to a stop.The disc is directly connected to the wheel.
To increase the area further, generally, two pistons are used at the brake pad end.
Another interesting thing you can observe about this mechanism is that pistons are there only on one side.So how does the brake pad
on the other side move?
This is made possible due to a clever arrangement known as a Floating Caliper Mechanism.
It should be noted that the biggest part of this mechanism, the caliper, is not fixed.
Rather it is free to move linearly. A caliper support is fixed to the motorcycle.
How can see how the caliper moves along this fixed part.
This means as the pressure builds up in the cylinder, the floating caliper will also move opposite
to the pistons movement.The other brake shoe is directly attached to the floating caliper.
So the braking action will happen from both the sides simultaneously.
Due to the friction between the disk and the brake pads, a huge amount of heat is generated,
and the disk gets extremely hot. In motorcycles, the discs temperature can be controlled
because of the air circulation around it. In cars, you need a much higher air circulation and surface area for temperature control.Due to this reason,the discs of cars have veins inside them.
The veins will help to throw the air radially outward.
The holes around the disc further improve the air circulation.
The disc brake mechanism might seem like a simple mechanism.However, to understand
how much disc brakes have helped in making automobiles safe, we must first learn about the predecessors of the disc brakes, drum brakes.Drum brakes ruled the automobile industry for many decades.They are still used in rear wheels of some cars.Their working was quite simple.
Drum of this mechanism is directly connected to the wheels.
When you apply the brake, a shoe pair inside the drum expands, and due to the frictional force
the wheel comes to a rest. At first glance,this looks like an easy
and perfect mechanism.However, drum brakes tend to overheat during braking.
Due to the close nature of drum brakes keeping them at or below the optimum
temperature is not an easy task.Such overheating can lead to expansion of the metal of the drum, and thus a reduction in the frictional force.
In particular, a dangerous situation arises if one drum overheats due
to expansion of the metal,wear and tear, or a change in shape.
in this case, since this wheel does not slow as fast due to the lower frictional force,
the road to tire frictional force will also be lower here compared to the other wheels on the axle.
These different frictional forces that occur will produce a net torque
during the braking, and the whole car will spin because of this.
This is why you will often notice that old cars which use only drum brakes will sometimes pull to the left
or right during braking. Such heating issue problems do not occur with disc brakes.
Disc brakes also have better stopping power compared to drum brakes.
You might however, be surprised to know that most heavy duty trucks still
use drum brake technology.The reason is simple.The drum brakes of trucks have huge metal parts,
and these act as an efficient heat soak, saving the brake parts from overheating.
Disc brakes are also costlier than drum brakes,
and therefore, using disc brakes on heavy duty trucks is not a good idea economically.
We hope this video provided you a great insight about the disc brake technology.
Thank you for watching the video.
And please keep on supporting us.
みなさん、動画の英語内容理解できましたか？今後様々な部品についてアップロードします。
ブレーキといえば、イタリアのブレンボが有名ですね。F1などのモータースポーツをはじめ、ポルシェ、フェラーリなど超高性能車にも多数搭載されています。日本でも大変人気なブランドとなっています。
ブレーキパッドってどんなのがあるのか。
●単純によいブレーキシステムは、よいパッドを使っています。熱に強く、ノイズも発生しない。
It is important you consider a pad's temparature range and friction coefficient before the order button.
購入する前に、ブレーキパッドの温度範囲や摩擦係数を考慮することが大切です。
| 種類 | 特徴 | |
|---|---|---|
| １） |
オーガニックパッド Organic Pad |
ガラスやゴム、樹脂から製造されます。他のブレーキパッドよりも柔らく、ノイズに強い。柔らかいため摩耗するのが早い。摩耗するため、他のPADよりもダストを発生させる。こうしたことから重量の大きいトラックや、素早いストップが求められる高性能な車にはむかない。 |
| ２） |
セラミックパッド Ceramic Pad |
セラミックパッドは、高性能を。長持ち（Wear well)。高価。セラミック繊維、銅繊維がセラミックで固められておりできている。熱を逃し、何回もブレーキをかけたあとも、高性能を維持します。 |
| ３） |
メタリック Metaliic pad |
多くの車が現在メタリックパッドを使用。金属でできており、主要成分は鉄、銅、フラファイトが固められて作られている。コストがよく、耐久性がよいからもっとも普及している。 |
| ４） |
セミメタリック バイク/p> Semi-Metaliic pad |
樹脂に金属素材を混ぜ合わせてつくっています。利き方もダイレクトで好きなライダーもいます。 |
| ５） |
シンターパッド バイク Sinter pad |
焼結パッドとも呼ばれます。性能はセミメタより高性能で、セミメタより制動力が高い。DISKへの攻撃性が高いです。 |
